中文说明：神经活动的微创直接读出的发展是当今神经科学面临的最大挑战之一。我们最近的工作表明，使用对神经递质释放特征敏感的磁共振造影剂，可以对分子水平的现象进行高分辨率功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。一个更有价值的贡献将是创造适合细胞内神经信号传导过程的分子功能磁共振成像的钙传感器。利用这些传感器进行的功能成像将结合MRI的无创性和全脑覆盖，以及已建立的光学钙神经成像技术的分子特异性和广泛适用性。钙依赖性功能磁共振成像（fMRI）将是分析动物神经回路的一项突破性技术，在人类中具有潜在的长期应用前景。技术
English Description：
The development of minimally invasive direct readouts of neural activity is one of the greatest challenges facing neuroscience today. Our recent work has shown that it is possible to perform high resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of molecular-level phenomena using MRI contrast agents sensitive to hallmarks of neurotransmitter release. An even more valuable contribution would be the creation of calcium sensors suitable for molecular fMRI of intracellular neural signaling processes. Functional imaging performed with these sensors would combine the noninvasiveness and whole-brain coverage of MRI with the molecular specificity and broad applicability of established optical calcium neuroimaging techniques. Calcium-dependent fMRI will be a breakthrough technique for analysis of neural circuits in animals, with potential longer term applications in humans. The technique