中文说明：应用背景图论是图论研究的一种，它是用来模拟物体间两两关系的数学结构。在这种情况下，一个“图形”是由“顶点”或“节点”组成，称为边连接的边。图可能是无向的，这意味着没有任何与每个边缘的顶点之间的区别，或其边缘可能是从一个顶点到另一个；见图（数学）更详细的定义和其他类型的变化，通常被认为是。图是离散数学研究的主要对象之一。关键技术在计算机科学中，图形是用来表示网络的通信，数据组织，计算设备，计算的流量，例如，一个网站的链接结构可以表示为一个有向图，其中顶点代表网页和有向边代表链接从一个页面到另一个。一个类似的方法，可以采取的问题，在旅行，生物学，计算机芯片设计，和许多其他领域。因此，算法来处理图形的发展是计算机科学的主要兴趣。图的转换通常是形式化的，并用图形重写系统表示。以规则为基础的图形变换系统的补充，以规则为基础的内存操作的图形数据库面向交易安全，持久性的存储和查询的图形结构化数据。
English Description：
Application backgroundgraph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A "graph" in this context is made up of "vertices" or "nodes" and lines called edges that connect them. A graph may be undirected, meaning that there is no distinction between the two vertices associated with each edge, or its edges may be directed from one vertex to another; see graph (mathematics) for more detailed definitions and for other variations in the types of graph that are commonly considered. Graphs are one of the prime objects of study in discrete mathematics.Key TechnologyIn computer science, graphs are used to represent networks of communication, data organization, computational devices, the flow of computation, etc. For instance, the link structure of a website can be represented by a directed graph, in which the vertices represent web pages and directed edges represent links from