中文说明：糖尿病黄斑水肿，定义为2个椎间盘的视网膜增厚
English Description：
Macular edema in diabetes, defined as retinal thickening within 2 disc diameters of the center of the macula, results from retinal microvascular changes that compromise the blood-retinal barrier, causing leakage of plasma constituents into the surrounding retina and, consequently, retinal edema